A synchronous belt, also called a timing belt or toothed belt, transfers power using a toothed pattern that interlocks with grooves on the pulley. This design ensures the belt stays aligned with the pulley, providing accurate positioning without slipping.

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Synchronous Belt Features

• Efficient Transmission: The transmission efficiency of the toothed belt is more than 98%, which can effectively save energy and is suitable for high-speed operation.
• ‌Constant Transmission Ratio: The tooth shape of the timing belt is engaged with the belt pulley, and there is no relative slide during the transmission process to ensure the constant transmission ratio.
• Low Noise Operation: Compared with chain or gear drive, synchronous belt operation noise is low, especially suitable for quiet operation occasions.
• Wear Resistance and High Strength: Synchronous belts are typically made of durable materials such as polyurethane or rubber, with internal reinforced fibers (such as steel wire core or glass fiber) further improving their tensile strength and tear resistance.
• Low Maintenance Cost: The belt requires no lubrication, reducing maintenance requirements and operating costs.
• Wide application range: Synchronous belt is suitable for many kinds of machinery, textile and other industries, with synchronization, simultaneous, double efficiency and other characteristics.

Synchronous Belt Types

Classified by Tooth Shape

• Trapezoidal tooth timing belt: The tooth shape is trapezoidal, the common specifications are T5, AT10, T20, XL, L, H, XXH, etc., which are widely used in a variety of conventional transmission occasions.
• Arc tooth synchronous belt: The tooth shape is circular arc, including HTD (full-circular tooth ), STD (semi-circular) and other series, featured with high transmission accuracy and low noise.
• Parabolic tooth timing belt ‌ (R series) : The tooth shape is rabbit tooth  type, like RPP2M, RPP3M, RPP5M, RPP8M and so on, which has good turning effect, suitable for high-speed transmission, generally used in robotic equipment.

Classified by Material

• Rubber timing belt: Rubber toothed belt is made of neoprene. It has the characteristics of dynamic bending, anti-cracking, aging resistance, heat resistance and so on. The operating temperature is generally -30℃ ~ +100℃.
• Polyurethane timing belt: PU timing belt is made of thermoplastic urethane. It has features of wear and tear resistance, oil resistance, water proof and solvent resistance and etc. The operating temperature is generally -20℃ ~ +80℃.

Classified by Structure

• Single side teeth timing belt: It is single side teeth structure, transmit power and torque only in one direction.
• Double side teeth synchronous belt: The two sides both have tooth, transmit power simultaneously on both sides. Compared with single side toothed belt, it has higher transmission efficiency and load capacity.

Classified by Joint Method

• Open-ended timing belt: The belt is open-ended shape, the belt length can theoretically be infinite. It is frequently used for long-distance synchronous or linear back and forth motion transmission occasions.
• Endless timing belt: It is welded from open-ended timing belt by tool.
• Flex timing belt: It is make from the mold, the whole belt has no joint. It has highest tension strength, but it has specification limitation.

Timing Belt Application

Textile Machinery

Textile machinery is an important application area for timing belt. In textile machinery, synchronous belt is used in various transmission mechanisms, such as looms, knitting, carding, textile machines, etc. The high precision, high efficiency, low noise and other characteristics of the timing belt make the textile machinery more stable and reliable during the operation process, thus improving the production efficiency and quality of textiles.

Printing Machinery

Printing machinery is also an important application area of timing belt. In printing machinery, synchronous belt is widely used on printing presses, binding and cutting machines, etc.

Food Packing Machinery

Food packing machinery is one of application area of timing belt. In food packing machinery, toothed belt is widely used on filling, sealing and  cutting machines, etc. The high efficiency and easy cleaning characteristics of the synchronous belt make the food machinery more smooth and reliable when operation, and also meet the hygiene requirements in the food production process.

Medical equipment

Medical device is one of application field for timing belt. In medical equipment, synchronous belt is used on operating beds, imaging equipment and treatment equipment.

Office Equipment

Office equipment is another application scope for timing belts. In office equipment, synchronization belts are used in printers, copiers, scanners, etc, which greatly improves the office efficiency and work quality.

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Automobile Industry

Timing belts have a wide range of applications in the automotive industry, such as engines, gearbox and chassis. In engines, synchronous belt is used to control components such as valves, igniter and injectors. In the gearbox, synchronous belt is used to connect the input and output shafts to transmit power. In the chassis, timing belt is used to drive the steering system and the wheels.

Automotive and Industrial Timing Belts are not Interchangeable

The models of industrial timing belt are generally named according to the specifications of belt width, tooth pitch and belt length. General industrial timing belt models include T series (such as T5, T10, T20), HTD series (such as HTD5M, HTD14M), STD series (STD3M, STD8M), AT series (AT5, AT10, AT20), and other special models. These models usually follow international standards such as ISO, DIN, GB, etc.

The model name of the automotive timing belt is mainly specified by the automobile manufacturer or standard organization, usually for a specific code or series, such as PK, EPDM, etc., to indicate the length, width and tooth shape of the belt. The naming conventions of each brand may be different from each other, but most of them are based on automobile manufacturing industry standards, such as SAE and JIS standards, and the model design is more specialized and customized.

Summarization

Timing belt is an integral part of modern machinery and automotive industry, widely used in various fields due to their high efficiency, good performance and precision. With the advancement and development of technology, the materials and designs of toothed belts have be improved rapidly to meet increasing performance and reliability requirements.

SYNCHRONOUS BELTS

From aligning your engine components to transferring power between your critical vehicle systems, Gates innovative synchronous belts are designed to operate at higher temperatures, higher speeds, and over longer distances. Our team of automotive experts and engineers design Gates synchronous timing belts to the toughest vehicle manufacturer requirements to ensure light, quiet, and efficient operation and to OE fit virtually every vehicle on the road today. Moreover, Gates synchronous belts have excellent resistance to corrosion, stretch, and wear. When you need the quality and durability of top automotive OEMs around the world, you need to equip your vehicles, and stock up your automotive workshop, with the power of Gates.  

Watch this case study to learn how a North Carolina customer converted from chain to Poly Chain® with substantial results.