In a nutshell, formwork is the mold wherein fresh concrete is poured and formed. The mold, which can be permanent or temporary, holds the poured concrete and shapes it until it solidifies and becomes strong enough to support itself and other loads.
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Formwork is also known as “shuttering.” However, in certain parts of the world, shuttering refers to using plywood or timber to create the mold.
Formwork systems can be classified according to the following parameters:
Construction costs usually consist of building materials (ca. 45%), labor (ca. 45%), and operating expenses (ca. 10%). Formwork material comprises 15% of the total building material and contributes roughly 44% of the total labor. Meanwhile, formwork construction accounts for up to 25% of the total cost of building the structure. For this reason, many builders and construction companies prefer reusable forms (panel forms). The process of removing formwork is called “stripping.”
As the name suggests, column formwork is used in the construction of circular or rectangular columns. Columns have formwork sections with a “closed load transmission,” which is supported by the formwork’s design and the guaranteed tensile strength rather than by using ties.
Steel formwork is often used to form circular columns as it is economical and available in incremental dimensions. Single-use forms, which are destroyed and disposed of during stripping, can be used as an alternative. However, using single-use formwork is not advisable if you need to construct multiple circular columns.
Meanwhile, rectangular columns are formed using three systems depending on their specifications. For instance, classic timber girders with steel walers and a plywood facing are often used when builders need to construct a significant number of columns with special dimensions. The windmill system, which is composed of columns or multipurpose panels of frame formwork systems, is suitable for building single columns with a standard dimension.
Finally, a foldable column formwork is highly suitable for columns with great heights. Because all the essential components (panels, connecting devices, ladders, and access platforms) are integrated into this type of column formwork, it helps builders reduce their construction time and costs.
Wall formwork comes in different types and classifications, as outlined below.
Conventional
Conventional wall formwork consists of boards or sheets and squared timber. It is flexible, but it can be costly and time-consuming as each component must be assembled on-site. In addition, all of its parts should be made according to the project’s specifications, and they must be nailed together and dismantled again after concreting.
Girder
This is a better version of the conventional formwork. Its components, which usually consist of dimensionally stable girders with two chords and one web, have been standardized to facilitate the assembly of identical and ready-to-use panels. The connection of the panels has also been systematized.
Frame
This type of wall formwork helps reduce labor time since its essential components (forming face, support for forming face, and steel walers) are assembled as one panel. The profile nose of the frames protects the edges of the forming face, thereby extending its lifespan. Connecting devices are used when assembling the frame panels to large-sized units, which are then usually transported by crane.
Crane-independent (hand-set)
This type of formwork can be moved by hand. Because of weight considerations, it is usually made of aluminum or plastic. It can take less concrete pressure than crane-dependent formwork, and is often used in housing and municipal construction projects.
Crane-dependent
Crane-dependent formwork systems feature a large frame and formwork panels, usually made of steel. As a result, they cannot be moved manually. Since they can resist more fresh concrete pressures than crane-independent forms, they are suitable for the construction of commercial buildings and other extensive infrastructure projects.
Two-sided
As the name implies, two-sided formwork is erected on both sides of the wall. Its formwork ties, which are usually sleeved by spacing plastic tubes so they can be reused, take up the fresh concrete pressure. Push-pull props or large heavy-duty braces are attached to the formwork to align and secure it against wind loads during operation.
Single-sided
Single-sided formwork is used when the concrete has to be poured against existing structures or when builders need to do concreting against a hill or soil. This is why it is most suitable for reconstruction jobs. With this type of formwork system, concrete pressure is transferred from the formwork to the base plates through a support structure.
Prefabricated
This formwork consists of two prefabricated concrete panels which are assembled in advance, and then transported and filled with concrete on-site. Braces and push-pull props are often used to secure the walls, while working and safety scaffolds are installed with the help of special adapters to make the construction process more cost-effective. Prefabricated formwork helps minimize project duration and labor costs. However, pre-planning is required to ensure that it is transported safely to the site.
Circular
Circular formwork is designed for the construction of curved and polygonal walls. It is also quite useful in the construction of specific concrete structures, such as septic tanks and car park ramps. This formwork system comes in three different types:
Climbing
Climbing formwork is quite useful in the construction of high-rise concrete structures, such as control towers and skyscrapers, because it climbs with the wall. It comprises large wall formwork mounted to a climbing scaffold. There are three different types of climbing formwork:
MEVA is an industry leader offering a wide variety of wall formwork systems that provide highly efficient shuttering, flexibility, and reliability. Our products are lightweight and easy to assemble, and therefore will facilitate the rapid completion of your construction projects. Click here to learn more.
Advantages of ADTO aluminum formwork:
1. Low average cost (can be reused for more than 300 times)
2. Safe (can load 60KN/m2)
3. Light weight (22-25kg/m2)
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4. Good hardness
5. High efficiency on installing & dismantling
6. Value maintain (recycling price can be 90% of the alum ingot)
7. Environmental friendly
8. Four days one floor only
Specification:
Aluminum Wall Forming System:
ADTO Aluminum Formwork is very useful for the time reduction and the cost shortening. Also, since it is very convenient to use,
even a beginner can be a professional through simple training. In addition, since it’s made of Aluminum, it hardly pollutes the workzone. Furthermore, it allows workers to work in the site of safety.
ADTO aluminum wall formwork used to set a wall with concrete, now we supply the following basic size:
600(w) X /2450(H)
500(W) X /(H)
450(W) X /(H)
400(W) X /(H)
300(W) X /(H)
The System is fast, simple, adaptable and very cost effective. It is unique because it forms all of the concrete in a building including walls,
floor slabs, columns, beams, stairs, window hoods, balconies and various decorative features in exact accordance with the architects'
design. The dimensional accuracy of the concreted work also results in consistent fittings of doors and windows. The smooth-off form
finish of the concrete eliminates the need for costly plastering
ADTO Aluminium Formwork can be used widely in the construction of residential units and mass housing projects. It is fast, simple, adaptable and cost – effective. It produces total quality work which requires minimum maintenance and when durability is the prime consideration. This system is most suitable for Indian condition as a tailor–made aluminum formwork for cast–in–situ fully concrete structure.
ADTO Industrial Group, Co., Limited, founded in , ADTO is a leading building material supplier and manufacture in China, centering on R&D, producing and selling of building material of scaffolding, aluminum formwork, fastener and coupler, integrates business of steel, logistic and wire & cables service. The group has more than 10 subdivisions and four manufacturing bases, possessing the right to import and export with business coverages spanning over more than 50 places and areas. Over international big buyers keep ADTO as their long term business partner.
1. Experience: Founded in , more than 17 years in construction materials manufacturing
2. Product Idea: Quality decided to safety, safety is the hard truth.
3. Certifications: ISO, CE, SGS, BV
4. Production base: Four factories, more than 400,000 square meters
5. OEM or Customized Service is available.
If you are looking for more details, kindly visit aluminum frame formwork.